Cobalt hydroxide payable indicator, min 30% Co, cif China, % payable of Fastmarkets’ standard-grade cobalt price (low-end)

India should invest to avoid its dependance on imports for almost 100% of its cobalt, lithium and nickel requirements, according to a report by the think tank Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA). But slow government action and a focus on short-term costs keep India reliant on imported critical minerals, sources told Fastmarkets.

Steelmakers that lag behind in decarbonization will be first to be phased out after green steel capacity rises to meet future demand, a senior advisor from a major Chinese steel company told delegates at the China Steel Industry Summit for 2025.

Fastmarkets advises that, as of Monday November 11, certain monthly North American ferrous scrap assessments are yet to settle.